Marshall
Turtle Keeper + CPL(H)
Yes you will for sure need to get them squared away and you will want to have it ready at least 30 days before the cold hits because the turtles will need time to realize it is there and explore to find a spot they like. If you put in too late they may not be able to realize it is there so 30 days is a pretty safe window of time. Depending on the size and number of turtles as well as the space and money/time I personally always try and recommend that people who have them in an artificial outdoor pond to first try and set them up with an indoor winter habitat such as a terrarium etc. It is much easier to properly set up a tank for a couple or 3 months than it is to get a natural outdoor area done correctly. Just do whatever is convenient really but if possible I recommend wintering indoors as first choice and only if that is not possible then go with the prep of the outdoor area. I don't wanna discourage you but I am also not going to lie so it is a rather tough task to get the brumation area right in a lined pond and even in a natural pond it can be tough. If you run into any issues I will be glad to help along the way so just reply here and I will try and get to it as soon as possible.I'm zone 5 borderline zone 4 so yes they would need the substrate! A few years ago we had weeks where the daily temp never went above 0. Sadly after awhile I got used to it! Minus 5 felt like 15 degrees!