She would save a lot of money, Dave.
Seriously, the heat output of a cattle trough heater is miniscule compared to the heating capacity of the earth.
Combine that with the heat loss of a pond, using the calculator in my signature below (has anyone actually gone through the math exercise, besides myself?..............), all a cattle trough heater does is provide a larger viewing window into the pond.
That's an expensive window.
Using a cattle trough heater is like standing in an unheated house and lighting a match, holding your hand over it and thinking, wow, that match is hot! Good thing it's heating the whole house!
For example, if I remember correctly, my pond would require 186,000 BTU of heat to maintain a reasonable temperature (10 celcius) in my pond during typical winter weather ( -30 celcius)
A 1500 watt heater puts out approximately 5000 BTU's.
Nowhere near enough to make any difference.
Maintaining an ice cap and using an active aeration product will both save money and keep the pond warmer, if you are concerned about water temperature.
If you have any studies that demonstrate that koi are "near death" below 2 celcius, I would be interested to see them.
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Elaine my Canadian koi keeping friend gave up keeping the koi in the pond all winter under 2ft of ice trying her best to maintain an airhole at -24c and windchill of -54c .
Prefaring instead to bring them indoors along with the ponds filters and water keeping a temperature of 11c throughout .
Since she started doing this at my bequest she has lost no more koi to the cold as to sleeping sickness I can only quote the page from the book I previously mentioned to @Meyer Jordan
From what is said the reader comes to the conclusion that that at 2.c a koi is nearer to death than to being alive.
From then on in the colder it goes the greater the risk of it dying via sleeping sickness
Dave
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