TPR = tangential pond return. Use these to create circular currents in the pond and help move debris in a spiral to a drain. Usually, they are located closer to the bottom than the surface.
Does each return in your brother's pond really point directly at a drain?
I have to agree with koikeepr on the bead filters. Though I've never tried one, what I've read does not encourage me to run out and buy one, either.
Are you still thinking that you need a pressurized biofilter? If so, why?
On the debris in your biofilter, I agree. But consider separating bio and mechanical filtration completely. Things are much easier to take care of if you do. The only exception I can think of to this is the sand and gravel, which does both but is easy to clean. Generally, though, you want to leave your bio filter alone and take as much solids out as you can at the pre-filter.
In filter #1, where is the filter media? In the basket, underneath it, or both?
I don't understand filter #3. How are you going to get a vortex going if it's full of bio media?
Does each return in your brother's pond really point directly at a drain?
I have to agree with koikeepr on the bead filters. Though I've never tried one, what I've read does not encourage me to run out and buy one, either.
Are you still thinking that you need a pressurized biofilter? If so, why?
On the debris in your biofilter, I agree. But consider separating bio and mechanical filtration completely. Things are much easier to take care of if you do. The only exception I can think of to this is the sand and gravel, which does both but is easy to clean. Generally, though, you want to leave your bio filter alone and take as much solids out as you can at the pre-filter.
In filter #1, where is the filter media? In the basket, underneath it, or both?
I don't understand filter #3. How are you going to get a vortex going if it's full of bio media?