I wouldn't worry about most of those issues. What you are trying to do can and has been done. I think the silicone will work fine with any expansion you might get. As far as temp cycling, its only a problem when the temp swing is fast which is not a problem in a pond. I would maybe make a board I could slide over it when I mowed grass. I built glass sunrooms for about 4 years and mowers were the number 1 cause of broken glass. As for the algea, use a mag-float