I think that a basic concept needs to be clarified. An outdoor pond is not an aquarium and. although the basic biochemical processes are the same, the husbandry is different.
As others have stated in the previous posts, the algae growth on all of the submerged surfaces is all important. The algae, bacteria and other micro-organisms that call this home are critical players in a pond achieving any level of equilibrium. This layer of life provides the basic nitrification, it adds most important Oxygen to the water through photosynthesis, and it is food for the higher creatures on the food chain.
Green water is caused by a different type of algae which appears when the exisiting aforementioned layer (periphyton) can not handle the existing nutrient load in a pond. This can be a seasonal occurence (Spring) or, on your case, what is called 'New Pond Syndrome'. Your pond just has not been in place long enough for all of the various organisms, including the periphyton, to fully develop, most notably the zooplankton which feeds on this suspended algae. This will occur with or without the presence of fish, although fish will exacerbate the situation. Water changes are a waste of time because the new water will likely also have a certain level of nutrients that will continue to feed the algae. Algicides should be completely avoided. The 'green water' will clear naturally over time.