There has to be something we're missing here, there is no way you can have that many fish and have good water quality. Am I'm I right in stating, you expanded your pond in July? How did you do this? And did you save the water from the pond if you drained it to expand it? Did you add the fish back to the pond as soon as the pond was finished or did you let it cycle? Ammonia should be 0, nitrates should be 0. Your ph is good. 50% is a bit excessive of a water change.
*Please don't get discouraged or upset at our questions, this is the only way we can learn whats going on and how to help you. We are most certainly glad to have you on our forum and welcome you. When there is a serious problem, we like to hit it head on, and it is NOT meant to put you on the defensive or bash you as a bad fishy mommy
We just want to help you save as many fish as we can. AND WE WILL, we just need lots of info
Now back to your nitrates, the good bacteria has to have time to build (cycle) in a closed system like ours, if you over load it too fast, the bacteria will not keep up with the production of ammonia. Idk if you know how this works, but basically, fish (especially koi) = waste/ ammonia, ammonia is harmful to fish; The good bacteria = there are two types in a pond ecosystem ( three if you count the bad stuff lol), one that turns the ammonia into nitrates- the other turns the nitrates into nitrites with is what will feed your plants. The bacteria that converts the ammonia will grow faster than the other slower developing bacteria. Which is what I surmise is happening here, and it may very well be something else that has compromised the fish also, because they are stressed. When fish are stressed is makes them susceptible to diseases and parasites. If you have nitrates this tells me you don't have enough of the nitrite converting bacteria in your system to keep up with the fish load.