fish density in an aquarium or pond partly depends on the type of fish and partly on your purpose for having a pond. with brackish cichlids for example, these fish require a very high density to keep the fish from fighting and tearing each other apart. 30 5 inch fish in a 250 gallon aquarium is considered common for them. for koi the purpose of the pond dictates the fish density in part. a championship pond has from 60 to 80 gallons per pound of fish. my display pond usually runs between 30 and 50 gallons per pound. poundage is a better measure than inches. a female koi at 33 inches weighs more than a male at 33 inches, and the aquaculture industry focuses on fish weight rather than length. the range in the literature runs from 10 gallons per pound to 80 gallons depending on the type of pond.
a championship pond, for example, must have a large volume of water per fish to control health and condition in these fish who may take 8 years to reach show quality. statistically, a show fish with 8 years in a pond must have an illness frequency approaching 5 sigma events which is the level of commercial airline safety. since we do not show our fish in competition, i'm not as interested in controlling to that level. one of our members who shows has only 4 fish in a 5000 gallon pond. we have 57 in 8000 gallons because we are interested in the school display.
A more interesting measure is how often you want to clean your filters. if you have a lot of fish and feed them properly, the school will turn you into a waste treatment technician who must clean the filters every other day. koi are the cows of the sea who turn your pond into something similar to what a herd of cattle do to a ranchers pasture. probably more fun to clean a filter once every week or two, and that takes fewer fish. and dont forget, these suckers grow so plan keeping the end in mind. your 8 seven inch koi start out weighing a total of 4 pounds. the same 8 three years later as mature koi can weigh 160 pounds.