Having been raised in southern Florida I know what your concerns are. I had a similar problem here in Northern Alabama with huge rainfall for days that flood streets and backyards. I built my pond half in and half out of the ground since I hit water around 2 feet down. So I installed a drain and relief pipe from the bottom to the side of the wall I put around the pond. When it rains hard, the water that would have ballooned my pond escapes out the relief pipe. Relief pipe is 2” PVC with bog like slits in 4’ of pipe under deep end that has many slots in it and covered with stones that connects with the 2” pipe that rises up outside the liner and through the wall. As long as the top end of the relief pipe is below the pond water surface and above where you think flood waters will top out, the rains will not balloon your liner and the flood waters will not enter your pond.
In the photo you can see the results of my relief pipe as the wet area at bottom of wall. My relief pipe does not stick out as it is at and under the joint between the small upper pond on left and the wall supporting my marginal plants. This area of dirt also reinforces the raised pond walls.