I have had my small pond for over 10 years and have never had this problem before. I live in Massachusetts and I closed my pond as usual this year. Stopped feeding when temp was down put in the deicer heater. It is the end of December and there is no ice on my pond and last week I found one of my larger gold first dead and today a second one is dead. I have about 8 0r 10 small to med gold fish and they are all swimming at the top of the pond and seem to be gasping for air. I am so worried. Should I put the pump and filter back in? Should I add water to put in oxygen? I am very concerned. Why are they not hybernating???
If in closing your pond you took the biofilter off-line, then you most likely are experiencing an Ammonia spike.
Fish do not actually 'hibernate'. What happens is that their metabolism (because they are cold-blooded) responds directly to temperature changes. As temperatures drop, their metabolism slows. In your case, water temperatures have not dropped enough to reduce the fish's activity, and with activity comes Ammonia production. One of the symptoms of excess Ammonia is 'piping' or gulping at the water's surface.
Oxygen levels should not be the problem.
If you have a test kit, test your pond's water including the water temperature (taken at the bottom of the pond). Or take a sample to a pond dealer for testing. I would also consider putting the pump and biofilter back on-line. In the meantime purchase some "Prime" for combating the elevated Ammonia.