while having a reef tank indoors for the last 25 years, it does not help with in information i have of that with overwintering fish in a 75 gallon preformed pond. it is 18" deep and for the challenge i plan on keeping the 2 - 6" goldfish i have in there now. i live in michigan so i expect the entire pond to freeze without a heater and bubbler. my plan is to remove the 800gph pump that runs a waterfall and vertical fountain, remove the cattails and lillies and store/ in garage dry, use a submersible heater and airpump for the cold winter. this question arises from how many watts should i be using for a heater to keep a small area open for the fish to overwinter? i also plan on partially covering the top (about 80-90 percent) to cut down on wind freeze. on that will be a covered adjustable airpump to which the end, i think should be placed approx half way down into the water so as not to disturb any heat at the bottom. wouldnt the larger air bubbles that leave the tubing be better than using a airstone that break up the flow to keep a area open at the surface? thanks, dan.